Easy Med Notes

Sciatic foramina - ANATOMY The sciatic foramen is a opening in the pelvis in the posterior aspect of the pelvis. There are 2 openings :  -Greater sciatic foramen -Lesser sciatic foramen The greater sciatic foramen is separated by lesser sciatic foramen by a ligament called sacrospinous ligament . Greater sciatic foramen Contents Due to the presence of piriformis muscle the greater sciatic foramen is divided into 2 parts. They are :                    - Suprapiriform foramen                   -Infrapiriform foramina Contents of Suprapiriform foramina Superior gluteal artery ,  Superior gluteal vein ,  Superior gluteal nerve Contents of Infrapiriform foramen Sciatic nerve Inferior gluteal nerve Pudendal nerve Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve And nerves which supply obturator interus, quadratus femoris . Borders Superior : Anterior sacroiliac ligaments Inferior : Sacrospinous...

Osteomyelitis - Orthopaedics It is an infection of bone. -Vertebrae are the most commonly bones in adults. -And in childrens long bones are affected.   common causative organisms s. aureus streptococci h. influenzae p. aeruginosa salmonella pathophysiology Once the bacteria enters the bone tissue, they bind to the host tissue and starts to produce the polysaccharide extracellular matrix. In chronic cases: infection leads to devascularization of affected bone and then necrosis and resorption of surrounding bone- leading to sequestrum. *sequestrum: floating piece of dead bone* Involucrum means a layer of new bone growth might also form after sequestrum. the region will be encased in a thick sheath of periosteal new bone. RISK FACTORS [mnemonic- DIE] Diabetes mellitus                                                              ...